suffer
/ˈsʌfə(r)/
v.
一句话记住
遭受(痛苦、损失、伤害);受苦;忍受
释义与例句
v.
遭受(痛苦、损失、伤害)
to experience something bad, such as pain, loss or damage
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The town suffered heavy damage in the earthquake.
这座小镇在地震中遭受严重破坏。
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His business suffered a serious loss last year.
他的生意去年遭受了严重损失。
展开其余 3 条例句
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Thousands of people suffered injuries in the accident.
数千人在事故中受伤。
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The crops suffered badly from the long drought.
庄稼因长期干旱而严重受损。
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She suffered a broken leg while skiing in the mountains.
她在山里滑雪时腿部骨折。
v.
受苦;忍受
to feel pain or sadness, or to bear something unpleasant
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He suffered in silence for years after his wife died.
妻子去世后,他默默忍受了多年痛苦。
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Many patients suffer from severe back pain.
许多病人饱受严重背痛之苦。
展开其余 3 条例句
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She had to suffer the noise of the building site all summer.
整个夏天她不得不忍受工地的噪音。
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Children suffer most when their parents argue.
父母争吵时,孩子受苦最深。
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The old man suffered greatly before he finally passed away.
老人临终前受了很多苦。
词源与构词
suf-(=sub-,在下)+ ferre(带、承受),在下面把重担扛住,就是“承受、受苦”。
suf-
前缀 · under,在下
fer
词根 · to carry,带;拿
记忆钩子
suf(在下)+ fer(带):把重担压在下面扛着,就是遭受与受苦。
词族与关联词
同根词(同一个词根长出来的词)
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confer 授予(学位、荣誉、权利)The university will confer an honorary degree on the retired professor. 大学将授予这位退休教授荣誉学位。
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differ 不同;有差异Their opinions differ on this issue. 他们在这个问题上意见不同。
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fertile 肥沃的The soil along the river is dark and fertile. 河边的土壤又黑又肥沃。
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offer 主动提供;提出She offered me a ride home. 她主动提出开车送我回家。
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prefer 更喜欢;宁愿I prefer tea to coffee. 比起咖啡,我更喜欢茶。
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proliferate 激增;迅速扩散Online shopping platforms have proliferated in the past decade. 过去十年里,网络购物平台激增。
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refer 提到;指的是What does this word refer to? 这个词指的是什么?
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referee 裁判The referee blew his whistle and stopped the match. 裁判吹响哨子,中止了比赛。
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transfer 转移;调动He transferred to another department. 他调到了另一个部门。
词族(同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式)
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suffering 痛苦;苦难suffer + -ing,动词变名词
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sufferer 受苦者;患者suffer + -er,指承受痛苦的人
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insufferable 难以忍受的in-(不)+ suffer + -able
同义词
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endure 忍受;持续endure 强调长时间坚强地承受,书面色彩浓;suffer 更中性,还可指遭受损失、伤害。She endured years of pain without complaint. 她毫无怨言地忍受了多年疼痛。
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undergo 经历;接受undergo 指经历变化、检查、手术等,不一定痛苦;suffer 强调所经历的是坏事。The patient will undergo surgery tomorrow. 病人明天将接受手术。
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sustain 遭受(损失、伤害)sustain 多与 losses、injuries 等搭配,较正式;suffer 使用范围更广,可指身心痛苦。The company sustained heavy losses in the crisis. 公司在危机中遭受重创。
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tolerate 容忍tolerate 指克制地容忍人或行为,不带痛苦感;suffer 强调承受痛苦或损失。I can't tolerate such careless work. 我无法容忍这样马虎的工作。
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bear 承受;忍受bear 常与 can't 连用表“无法忍受”,较口语化;suffer 更强调客观遭受不幸。He bore the pain without a word. 他一声不吭地承受着痛苦。
反义词
易混词(形近或义近,注意区别)
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suffice 足够两词前缀相同,但 suffice 的词根是 fic(做),意为“做得够”;suffer 的词根是 fer(带),意为承受。A simple apology will suffice. 一句简单的道歉就够了。
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suffix 后缀suffix 的 fix 是“固定”,指固定在词尾的部分;suffer 的 fer 是“带、承受”,前缀相同易看错。-ness is a common suffix in English. -ness 是英语中常见的后缀。
常见搭配
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suffer from 患(病);受…之苦Many adults suffer from sleep problems. 许多成年人受睡眠问题困扰。
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suffer a loss 遭受损失The firm suffered a loss of two million dollars. 该公司损失了两百万美元。
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suffer in silence 默默忍受He chose to suffer in silence rather than complain. 他选择默默忍受而不抱怨。