penalty
/ˈpenəlti/
n.
一句话记住
处罚;刑罚;罚款
释义与例句
n.
处罚;刑罚;罚款
a punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or agreement
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The company faced a heavy penalty for violating safety rules.
该公司因违反安全规定而面临重罚。
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There is a penalty for returning library books late.
逾期归还图书馆的书会受到处罚。
展开其余 1 条例句
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The contract specifies a financial penalty for early cancellation.
合同规定了提前解约的经济处罚。
词源与构词
记忆钩子
penalty 常与 for 搭配说明受罚原因;fine 仅指罚款,而 penalty 可指各种处罚。
词族与关联词
词族(同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式)
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penal 刑罚的;有关处罚的正式形容词,常用于 penal system、penal code 等法律语境。
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penalize 处罚;使处于不利地位动词,常用 penalize someone for something 表示因某事处罚某人。
同义词
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punishment 惩罚;处罚penalty 常指依据法律、规则或合同明确规定的具体处罚;punishment 是更广泛的惩罚行为或方式。The judge considered community service an appropriate punishment. 法官认为社区服务是适当的惩罚。
反义词
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reward 奖励;回报penalty 是因违规或违约而施加的不利后果;reward 是因良好表现或成就而给予的回报。The team received a reward for completing the project early. 该团队因提前完成项目而获得奖励。
易混词(形近或义近,注意区别)
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fine 罚款;罚金penalty 是处罚的总称,可包括监禁、扣分或罚款;fine 专指金钱罚款,是 penalty 的一种。He had to pay a fine for parking in a restricted area. 他因在限制区域停车而不得不缴纳罚款。
常见搭配
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death penalty 死刑The debate focused on whether the death penalty deters crime. 辩论的焦点是死刑是否能震慑犯罪。
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pay a penalty 接受处罚;付出代价Businesses that ignore the regulations may pay a heavy penalty. 无视这些规定的企业可能会付出沉重代价。
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penalty for 对……的处罚The penalty for late payment is clearly stated in the agreement. 协议中清楚写明了对逾期付款的处罚。