obstruct
/əbˈstrʌkt/
v.
一句话记住
阻塞;挡住;妨碍;阻挠
释义与例句
v.
阻塞;挡住
to block a road or passage
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A fallen tree obstructed the road.
一棵倒下的树挡住了道路。
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A parked van was obstructing the entrance to the hospital.
一辆停着的货车堵住了医院入口。
展开其余 3 条例句
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Heavy snow obstructed traffic on the mountain pass.
大雪阻塞了山口的交通。
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Thick smoke obstructed the view from the tower.
浓烟挡住了塔上的视线。
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Furniture should not obstruct the emergency exit.
家具不应堵塞紧急出口。
v.
妨碍;阻挠
to prevent something from happening
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They were accused of obstructing justice.
他们被指控妨碍司法。
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The new rules may obstruct rather than encourage competition.
新规定可能不但不能鼓励竞争,反而会妨碍竞争。
展开其余 3 条例句
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The guards tried to obstruct the reporters at the gate.
警卫试图在门口阻拦记者。
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Lack of money has obstructed progress on the project.
资金不足阻碍了项目的进展。
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Some members tried to obstruct the vote by asking endless questions.
一些成员通过不停提问试图阻挠表决。
词源与构词
ob-(挡在对面)+ struere(堆),在路中间堆东西挡住去路,就是“阻塞、妨碍”。
ob-
前缀 · against,逆着、挡住
struct
词根 · to build,堆、建
记忆钩子
ob(对着)+ struct(堆):迎面堆一堵墙,路就堵死了。
词族与关联词
同根词(同一个词根长出来的词)
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construct 建造;修建They plan to construct a new bridge. 他们计划修建一座新桥。
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destruction 破坏;毁灭The flood caused widespread destruction. 洪水造成了广泛的破坏。
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instruct 指导;教授She instructs students in English. 她教学生英语。
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structure 结构;构造The structure of the essay is clear. 这篇文章结构清晰。
词族(同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式)
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obstruction 阻塞;障碍物obstruct + -ion,动词变名词
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obstructive 妨碍的;阻挠的obstruct + -ive,构成形容词
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obstructed 被阻塞的obstruct + -ed,过去分词作形容词
同义词
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block 阻挡;遮住block 口语通用,可指挡住去路或遮住视线;obstruct 更正式,多用于交通、通道、司法。Dark clouds blocked the sun. 乌云遮住了太阳。
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hinder 妨碍;阻碍hinder 指拖慢进度、造成困难,不一定形成阻挡;obstruct 强调挡住去路。Bad weather hindered the rescue work. 恶劣天气妨碍了救援工作。
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impede 阻碍;妨碍impede 书面语,多指阻碍进程或发展;obstruct 更强调物理上堵塞通道。Heavy traffic impeded the ambulance. 拥堵的交通阻碍了救护车。
反义词
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clear 清除;疏通Workers cleared the fallen rocks from the road. 工人们清除了路上的落石。
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unblock 疏通;解除阻塞They unblocked the drain after an hour's work. 干了一个小时后,他们疏通了排水管。
易混词(形近或义近,注意区别)
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construct 建造;构建construct 是 con-(一起)+ struct(堆),把材料堆到一起建东西;obstruct 的 ob- 表示「挡在对面」,迎面堆一堵墙就变成「阻塞」。The team will construct a new bridge next spring. 这个团队明年春天将修建一座新桥。
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abstract 摘要;抽象的abstract 是 abs-(离开)+ tract(拉),把要点从整体中抽出来,意为「摘要」或「抽象的」;obstruct 的词根是 struct(堆)。The abstract of the paper summarizes its main points. 论文摘要概括了它的主要观点。
常见搭配
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obstruct traffic 阻碍交通Parked cars obstruct traffic on this narrow street. 停放的车辆阻碍着这条窄街的交通。
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obstruct justice 妨碍司法The businessman was charged with trying to obstruct justice. 这名商人被控企图妨碍司法。
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obstruct the view 挡住视线A tall fence obstructs the view of the lake. 一道高高的围栏挡住了湖景。