obstruct

/əbˈstrʌkt/ v.
核心精讲 CET-6IELTS 词根 struct
一句话记住

阻塞;挡住;妨碍;阻挠

释义与例句

v. 阻塞;挡住
to block a road or passage
  1. A fallen tree obstructed the road.
    一棵倒下的树挡住了道路。
  2. A parked van was obstructing the entrance to the hospital.
    一辆停着的货车堵住了医院入口。
展开其余 3 条例句
  1. Heavy snow obstructed traffic on the mountain pass.
    大雪阻塞了山口的交通。
  2. Thick smoke obstructed the view from the tower.
    浓烟挡住了塔上的视线。
  3. Furniture should not obstruct the emergency exit.
    家具不应堵塞紧急出口。
v. 妨碍;阻挠
to prevent something from happening
  1. They were accused of obstructing justice.
    他们被指控妨碍司法。
  2. The new rules may obstruct rather than encourage competition.
    新规定可能不但不能鼓励竞争,反而会妨碍竞争。
展开其余 3 条例句
  1. The guards tried to obstruct the reporters at the gate.
    警卫试图在门口阻拦记者。
  2. Lack of money has obstructed progress on the project.
    资金不足阻碍了项目的进展。
  3. Some members tried to obstruct the vote by asking endless questions.
    一些成员通过不停提问试图阻挠表决。

词源与构词

ob-(挡在对面)+ struere(堆),在路中间堆东西挡住去路,就是“阻塞、妨碍”。

ob- 前缀 · against,逆着、挡住
struct 词根 · to build,堆、建
记忆钩子 ob(对着)+ struct(堆):迎面堆一堵墙,路就堵死了。

词族与关联词

同根词(同一个词根长出来的词)
  • construct 建造;修建
    They plan to construct a new bridge. 他们计划修建一座新桥。
  • destruction 破坏;毁灭
    The flood caused widespread destruction. 洪水造成了广泛的破坏。
  • instruct 指导;教授
    She instructs students in English. 她教学生英语。
  • structure 结构;构造
    The structure of the essay is clear. 这篇文章结构清晰。
词族(同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式)
  • obstruction 阻塞;障碍物
    obstruct + -ion,动词变名词
  • obstructive 妨碍的;阻挠的
    obstruct + -ive,构成形容词
  • obstructed 被阻塞的
    obstruct + -ed,过去分词作形容词
同义词
  • block 阻挡;遮住
    block 口语通用,可指挡住去路或遮住视线;obstruct 更正式,多用于交通、通道、司法。
    Dark clouds blocked the sun. 乌云遮住了太阳。
  • hinder 妨碍;阻碍
    hinder 指拖慢进度、造成困难,不一定形成阻挡;obstruct 强调挡住去路。
    Bad weather hindered the rescue work. 恶劣天气妨碍了救援工作。
  • impede 阻碍;妨碍
    impede 书面语,多指阻碍进程或发展;obstruct 更强调物理上堵塞通道。
    Heavy traffic impeded the ambulance. 拥堵的交通阻碍了救护车。
反义词
  • clear 清除;疏通
    Workers cleared the fallen rocks from the road. 工人们清除了路上的落石。
  • unblock 疏通;解除阻塞
    They unblocked the drain after an hour's work. 干了一个小时后,他们疏通了排水管。
易混词(形近或义近,注意区别)
  • construct 建造;构建
    construct 是 con-(一起)+ struct(堆),把材料堆到一起建东西;obstruct 的 ob- 表示「挡在对面」,迎面堆一堵墙就变成「阻塞」。
    The team will construct a new bridge next spring. 这个团队明年春天将修建一座新桥。
  • abstract 摘要;抽象的
    abstract 是 abs-(离开)+ tract(拉),把要点从整体中抽出来,意为「摘要」或「抽象的」;obstruct 的词根是 struct(堆)。
    The abstract of the paper summarizes its main points. 论文摘要概括了它的主要观点。
常见搭配
  • obstruct traffic 阻碍交通
    Parked cars obstruct traffic on this narrow street. 停放的车辆阻碍着这条窄街的交通。
  • obstruct justice 妨碍司法
    The businessman was charged with trying to obstruct justice. 这名商人被控企图妨碍司法。
  • obstruct the view 挡住视线
    A tall fence obstructs the view of the lake. 一道高高的围栏挡住了湖景。