contract
/ˈkɑːntrækt/
n. / v.
一句话记住
合同;契约;收缩;感染(疾病)
释义与例句
n.
合同;契约
a legal agreement between people or companies
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They signed a two-year contract.
他们签了一份两年的合同。
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The company refused to renew his contract.
公司拒绝续签他的合同。
展开其余 3 条例句
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Read the contract carefully before you sign anything.
签字之前请仔细阅读合同。
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She is working on a short-term contract with a design firm.
她正以短期合同的形式在一家设计公司工作。
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Both sides finally agreed to cancel the contract.
双方最终同意取消合同。
v.
收缩;感染(疾病)
to become smaller, or to catch an illness
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Metal contracts as it cools.
金属冷却时会收缩。
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Muscles contract when you lift a heavy weight.
举起重物时,肌肉会收缩。
展开其余 3 条例句
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The pupils of his eyes contracted in the bright light.
在强光下,他的瞳孔收缩了。
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She contracted malaria while travelling in Africa.
她在非洲旅行时感染了疟疾。
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The market for these goods has contracted sharply.
这类商品的市场急剧萎缩。
词源与构词
con-(一起)+ trahere(拉),把双方拉到一起立下约定,就是合同;把东西往里拉,就是收缩。
con-
前缀 · together,一起
tract
词根 · to pull,拉
记忆钩子
con(一起)+ tract(拉):把双方拉到一张纸上,就是合同。
词族与关联词
同根词(同一个词根长出来的词)
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abstract 抽象的;理论上的Abstract ideas are easier to understand with concrete examples. 抽象概念借助具体例子会更容易理解。
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attract 吸引;招引The exhibition attracted thousands of visitors. 这个展览吸引了数千名参观者。
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attractive 有吸引力的;诱人的The city offers an attractive mix of old and new. 这座城市兼具古老与现代,很有吸引力。
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distract 分散(注意力);使分心Don't distract the driver. 不要分散司机的注意力。
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extract 提取;拔出;摘录The dentist extracted the bad tooth. 牙医拔掉了那颗坏牙。
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protract 延长;拖延Bad weather protracted the journey by several hours. 恶劣天气使旅程延长了好几个小时。
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subtract 减去;扣除Subtract five from ten and you get five. 十减五等于五。
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traction 牵引力;抓地力The tyres lose traction on wet roads. 轮胎在湿滑路面上会失去抓地力。
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tractor 拖拉机;牵引车The farmer drove the tractor across the field at dawn. 农民在黎明时开着拖拉机穿过田野。
词族(同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式)
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contractor 承包商-or 表示人或公司,由 contract(合同)派生。
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contraction 收缩;缩略形式contract + -ion,兼指肌肉收缩与语言上的缩略。
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contractual 合同规定的-ual 形容词词尾,如 contractual obligation(合同义务)。
同义词
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agreement 协议agreement 泛指达成的一致,可口头、不一定有法律效力;contract 特指有约束力的书面合同。They reached an agreement after hours of talks. 经过数小时谈判,他们达成了协议。
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deal 交易deal 是口语,指商业交易,较随意;contract 是正式法律文件,强调条款与约束力。The two firms signed a deal worth millions. 两家公司签署了一笔价值数百万的交易。
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shrink 缩水;收缩shrink 专指布料、体积等物理缩水,口语常用;contract 还可指肌肉收缩、市场萎缩,更正式。Wool sweaters may shrink in hot water. 羊毛衫在热水中可能会缩水。
反义词
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expand 扩张The company plans to expand into Asia. 公司计划向亚洲扩张。
易混词(形近或义近,注意区别)
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contact 联系都含 con-(一起):contract 的词根 tract 是“拉”,拉到一起签合同、往里拉则收缩;contact 的词根 tact 是“接触”,指联系。Please contact us if you have any questions. 如有任何问题,请联系我们。
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contrast 对比两词都以 contr-/con- 加 -st 类音节开头:contract 与 tract(拉)有关;contrast 的词根 st 是“站”,把两边对立摆着→对比。There is a sharp contrast between the two designs. 这两个设计之间有鲜明的对比。
常见搭配
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sign a contract 签合同They signed a contract with a local supplier. 他们和当地供应商签了合同。
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contract worker 合同工The factory hires contract workers during busy seasons. 工厂在旺季雇用合同工。
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contract a disease 感染疾病Travellers may contract the disease through dirty water. 旅行者可能通过不洁的水感染这种疾病。