subject
/ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/
n. / adj.
一句话记住
主题;学科;主语;易受……影响的;服从的
释义与例句
n.
主题;学科;主语
the thing being discussed or studied
-
What is the subject of the meeting?
这次会议的主题是什么?
-
Physics is a difficult subject for many students.
对许多学生来说,物理是一门难学的科目。
展开其余 3 条例句
-
In English, the subject usually comes before the verb.
在英语中,主语通常位于动词之前。
-
He changed the subject whenever money was mentioned.
一提到钱,他就转移话题。
-
The book covers a wide range of subjects.
这本书涉及广泛的主题。
adj.
易受……影响的;服从的
likely to be affected by something
-
Prices are subject to change.
价格可能会有变动。
-
All employees are subject to the same rules.
所有员工都受同样规则的约束。
展开其余 3 条例句
-
The area is subject to heavy flooding in summer.
这个地区夏季常遭严重水灾。
-
Her theory is subject to criticism from other scientists.
她的理论受到其他科学家的批评。
-
The plan is subject to approval by the council.
该计划须经议会批准。
词源与构词
sub-(在下面)+ jacere(扔),被扔到下面、受人支配的东西,就是“臣民、主题”;置于某种影响之下,就是“易受……”。
sub-
前缀 · under,在下面
ject
词根 · to throw,扔
记忆钩子
sub(下面)+ ject(扔):被扔到下面听人安排,就是“臣民”;被摆上台面讨论,就是“主题”。
词族与关联词
同根词(同一个词根长出来的词)
-
adjective 形容词In “a happy child”, “happy” is an adjective. 在 a happy child 中,happy 是形容词。
-
conjecture 推测;猜想The cause of the fire is still a matter of conjecture. 火灾的原因目前仍只是推测。
-
eject 弹出;逐出The pilot ejected just before the crash. 飞行员在坠机前弹射了出来。
-
inject 注射;注入The nurse injected the vaccine into his arm. 护士把疫苗注射进他的手臂。
-
interject 插话;突然插入(话语)He interjected angrily that the plan was unfair. 他气愤地插话说这个计划不公平。
-
object 物体;目标;宾语A strange object appeared in the sky. 天空中出现了一个奇怪的物体。
-
project 项目;工程The bridge project took five years. 这个桥梁工程花了五年。
-
projectile 抛射物;弹丸The museum displays ancient stone projectiles used for hunting. 博物馆展出用于狩猎的古代石制抛射物。
-
reject 拒绝;驳回The company rejected his application. 公司拒绝了他的申请。
词族(同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式)
-
subjective 主观的subject + -ive,构成形容词
-
subjected 使遭受的;使服从的subject + -ed,过去分词作形容词
-
subjection 征服;服从subject + -ion,动词变名词
同义词
-
topic 话题topic 指谈话、文章的具体话题,范围较小;subject 还可指学科、主语,含义更广更正式。The topic of today's lesson is food. 今天这节课的话题是食物。
-
theme 主题theme 指作品或活动贯穿始终的中心思想,较抽象;subject 指讨论或研究的对象,范围更宽。Friendship is the main theme of the novel. 友谊是这部小说的主题。
-
liable 易于……的;负有责任的liable 多指易于遭受不利后果,常接 to do 或 for;subject to 泛指受事物影响或须经批准。Drivers are liable to fines for speeding. 司机超速会被罚款。
反义词
-
object 宾语;物体The verb takes an object here. 这个动词在这里带宾语。
-
independent 独立的She leads an independent life. 她过着独立的生活。
易混词(形近或义近,注意区别)
常见搭配
-
change the subject 换个话题Let's change the subject and talk about something happier. 我们换个话题,聊点开心的事吧。
-
school subject 学校科目Maths is her favourite school subject. 数学是她最喜欢的学校科目。
-
subject to 受……影响;须经The offer is subject to availability. 该优惠视供应情况而定。