burden

/ˈbɜːdən/ n. / v.
标准词条 CET-4CET-6IELTS
一句话记住

负担；重担；使负担；使负重

释义与例句

n. 负担；重担
a difficult responsibility, worry or heavy load that somebody has to carry
  1. Caring for two elderly relatives placed a heavy burden on her.
    照顾两位年迈的亲属给她带来了沉重负担。
  2. Higher fuel prices increased the financial burden on small businesses.
    燃料价格上涨加重了小企业的经济负担。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. He did not want to be a burden to his children.
    他不想成为孩子们的负担。
v. 使负担；使负重
to give somebody a difficult responsibility or heavy load to deal with
  1. Do not burden new employees with too many administrative tasks.
    不要让新员工承担过多行政事务。
  2. The company is burdened by debts from its rapid expansion.
    这家公司背负着快速扩张带来的债务。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. The hikers were burdened with heavy packs and wet clothing.
    徒步旅行者背着沉重的背包，衣服也湿透了，负担很重。

词源与构词

源自古英语 byrthen（负荷），与 bear（承担、背负）同族。

记忆钩子 a burden on somebody 是“某人的负担”；burden somebody with something 是“让某人背负某事”。

词族与关联词

词族（同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式）
  • burdensome 繁重的；难以承担的
    burden 加 -some 构成形容词。
  • burdened 负担沉重的
    常用于 be burdened with/by（背负、受制于）。
同义词
  • load 负荷；重担
    load 多指实际承载的重量，也可指工作量；burden 更强调令人吃力、忧虑的责任或压力，常有负面感情色彩。
    The donkey carried a heavy load up the hill. 驴驮着沉重的货物上山。
反义词
  • relief 宽慰；负担的减轻
    The new grant brought financial relief to the students. 这笔新补助减轻了学生们的经济负担。
常见搭配
  • a burden on somebody 某人的负担
    The cost of treatment became a burden on the whole family. 治疗费用成了全家的负担。
  • burden somebody with something 使某人负担某事
    She did not want to burden her friends with her problems. 她不想让自己的问题成为朋友们的负担。