until

/ənˈtɪl/ prep. / conj.
标准词条 CET-4
一句话记住

直到……为止(后接时间名词等);直到……为止;直到……才(后接从句)

释义与例句

prep. 直到……为止(后接时间名词等)
up to a particular time or event, used to show how long an action or state continues
  1. We waited at the station until six o'clock.
    我们在车站一直等到六点钟。
  2. The shop stays open until nine every evening.
    这家商店每天晚上营业到九点。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. She kept the library book until the following week.
    她把图书馆的那本书保留到下一周。
conj. 直到……为止;直到……才(后接从句)
up to the time when something happens, introducing a clause that marks the end of a continuing situation
  1. Wait here until I come back with the tickets.
    在这里等到我拿着票回来。
  2. The children played outside until it got dark.
    孩子们一直在户外玩到天黑。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. You cannot leave the examination room until the bell rings.
    铃响之前,你不能离开考场。

词源与构词

记忆钩子 until Friday 中 until 是介词;until he arrives 中 until 是连词。until 强调持续终点,by 强调完成期限,不能混用。

词族与关联词

易混词(形近或义近,注意区别)
  • by 最迟在……之前;到……时已经
    until 表示动作或状态持续到某时点,常与 wait、stay、continue 等延续性动词连用;by 表示不迟于某时点完成。work until Friday 是工作到周五,finish by Friday 是最迟周五完成;not...until 则表示“直到……才”。此外,until 后接从句时有主语和谓语,谈将来时从句通常用一般现在时,如 until he arrives。
    Please submit the completed form by Friday. 请最迟在星期五提交填好的表格。
常见搭配
  • until now 直到现在
    Until now, we have received no complaints about the service. 直到现在,我们没有收到过任何关于这项服务的投诉。
  • until then 直到那时
    The results will arrive tomorrow, so we must wait until then. 结果明天才会出来,因此我们必须等到那时。
  • not...until 直到……才……
    She did not go to bed until she had finished the report. 她直到写完报告才去睡觉。