spare

/speə(r)/ adj. / v. / n.
标准词条 CET-4
一句话记住

备用的；多余的；空闲的；抽出（时间、金钱等）；匀出；使免遭；备用品；备用零件

释义与例句

adj. 备用的；多余的；空闲的
extra and available for use if needed, or not being used for work or other duties
  1. Keep a spare key with a neighbour in case you lock yourself out.
    在邻居那里留一把备用钥匙，以防把自己锁在门外。
  2. The guests can sleep in the spare bedroom upstairs.
    客人可以睡在楼上的空房间。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. She spends her spare time learning photography.
    她把业余时间用来学习摄影。
v. 抽出（时间、金钱等）；匀出；使免遭
to give time, money, or something else when it is difficult to do so, or to prevent someone from experiencing something unpleasant
  1. Could you spare a few minutes to check this letter?
    你能抽出几分钟帮我看一下这封信吗？
  2. We cannot spare any staff until the busy period is over.
    繁忙期结束前，我们抽不出任何人手。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. The witness was spared the distress of appearing in court.
    这位证人免于承受出庭的痛苦。
n. 备用品；备用零件
an extra thing that is kept to replace something that is lost, broken, or worn out
  1. The car has a spare in the boot instead of a repair kit.
    这辆车的后备箱里有一个备用轮胎，而不是修补工具包。
  2. Always carry a spare when cycling far from home.
    骑车到离家很远的地方时，务必带一个备用内胎。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. The mechanic ordered several spares for the old pump.
    机修工为那台旧水泵订购了几个备用零件。

词源与构词

记忆钩子 spare 作形容词强调“额外留着备用”或“空闲”，作动词强调“抽得出、匀得出”；spare time 是业余时间，spare a moment 是抽出片刻。

词族与关联词

易混词（形近或义近，注意区别）
  • free 空闲的；免费的；自由的
    表示时间“空闲”时，spare 常用于 spare time，强调工作等事务之外的时间；free 可描述人“有空”，也可表示免费或自由。可以说 Are you free?，但通常不说 Are you spare?。
    Are you free this evening, or do you have other plans? 你今晚有空吗，还是有别的安排？
常见搭配
  • spare time 业余时间；空闲时间
    He repairs old radios in his spare time. 他业余时间修理旧收音机。
  • a spare key 一把备用钥匙
    She keeps a spare key in a secure place at work. 她在工作地点的安全位置放了一把备用钥匙。
  • spare a moment 抽出片刻时间
    Could you spare a moment to answer two questions? 你能抽出片刻回答两个问题吗？