orphan

/ˈɔːfn/ n. / v.
标准词条 CET-4
一句话记住

孤儿；使成为孤儿

释义与例句

n. 孤儿
a child whose parents have died
  1. The charity provides food and schooling for orphans in the region.
    这家慈善机构为该地区的孤儿提供食物和教育。
  2. He became an orphan at the age of six and was raised by his aunt.
    他六岁时成了孤儿，由姑妈抚养长大。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. Many orphans from the war were adopted by families abroad.
    许多战争孤儿被国外的家庭收养。
v. 使成为孤儿
to make a child an orphan, usually by causing the death of the parents
  1. The earthquake orphaned hundreds of children in a single night.
    那场地震一夜之间使数百名儿童成了孤儿。
  2. The boy was orphaned when both his parents died in an accident.
    男孩的父母在一次事故中双双去世，他成了孤儿。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. The conflict has orphaned thousands of children and left them without homes.
    这场冲突使成千上万的孩子成为孤儿，无家可归。

词源与构词

记忆钩子 orphan 指失去父母的孩子，widow/widower 指丧偶的成年人；作动词常用被动 be orphaned。

词族与关联词

词族（同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式）
  • orphanage 孤儿院
    由 orphan 加名词后缀 -age 构成，指收容孤儿的机构；不要把它当作“孤儿身份”使用。
易混词（形近或义近，注意区别）
  • widow 寡妇
    orphan 指父母双亡的孩子；widow 指丈夫去世后未再婚的妇女，指成年人。二者不能互换：失去双亲的孩子是 orphan，不能说成 child widow。
    The widow raised her three children alone after her husband died. 丈夫去世后，这位寡妇独自抚养三个孩子。
  • widower 鳏夫
    widower 是丧妻未再娶的男子，与 widow（寡妇）相对；两者都指成年丧偶者，而 orphan 只指失去父母的孩子。写“孤儿”时用 orphan，不要用 widow。
    The widower learned to cook after his wife passed away. 妻子去世后，这位鳏夫学会了做饭。
常见搭配
  • be left an orphan 成为孤儿
    She was left an orphan before she could walk. 她还没学会走路就成了孤儿。
  • war orphans 战争孤儿
    The school was built for war orphans in the 1950s. 这所学校是20世纪50年代为战争孤儿修建的。
  • orphaned children 失去双亲的孩子
    The programme supports orphaned children in rural areas. 该项目资助农村地区失去双亲的孩子。