less

/les/ det. / pron. / adv.
标准词条 CET-4
一句话记住

较少的;更少的量;较少地;不那么

释义与例句

det./pron. 较少的;更少的量
a smaller amount of something, used before an uncountable noun or independently
  1. The new engine uses less fuel than the old one.
    新发动机比旧发动机耗油少。
  2. We had less time to prepare than we had expected.
    我们的准备时间比预想的少。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. He ate less at lunch because he was not very hungry.
    他午饭吃得较少,因为不太饿。
adv. 较少地;不那么
to a smaller degree or extent
  1. The second explanation was less convincing.
    第二种解释没有那么有说服力。
  2. Trains run less frequently after ten in the evening.
    晚上十点以后,火车班次较少。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. Try to worry less about things you cannot control.
    尽量少为你无法控制的事情担忧。

词源与构词

记忆钩子 less 是 little 的比较级,最高级是 least;复数可数名词通常用 fewer,但 less than ten minutes 等整体度量表达很自然。

词族与关联词

词族(同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式)
  • lesser 较小的;次要的
    形容词,通常放在名词前,用于比较重要性、程度或规模,如 the lesser of two evils。
  • least 最少的;最小程度
    little 的最高级,与 less 的比较级用法相区别,常见搭配 at least。
反义词
  • more 更多的;更多地
    less 表示数量或程度更少,more 表示更多;less 通常修饰不可数名词,more 既可修饰不可数名词,也可修饰复数可数名词。
    We need more information before making a decision. 作决定前,我们需要更多信息。
易混词(形近或义近,注意区别)
  • fewer 更少的(修饰可数名词复数)
    传统规范中 fewer 修饰复数可数名词,如 fewer books;less 修饰不可数名词,如 less water。表示时间、金钱、距离等整体数量时,即使数字可数,通常也用 less than,如 less than ten miles。
    Fewer people attended the lecture because of the heavy rain. 由于大雨,听讲座的人更少了。
常见搭配
  • less than 少于;不到
    The whole journey took less than forty minutes. 整个路程花了不到四十分钟。
  • less and less 越来越少
    As the light faded, we could see less and less of the path. 随着光线变暗,我们越来越看不清小路。
  • much less 少得多;更不用说
    The village has no supermarket, much less a shopping centre. 这个村庄连超市都没有,更不用说购物中心了。