duty

/ˈdjuːti/ n.
标准词条 CET-4CET-6IELTS
一句话记住

责任；职责；值班；关税

释义与例句

n. 责任；职责；值班；关税
something that you must do because it is part of your job or because it is morally or legally right, or a tax on goods
  1. The council has a duty to protect vulnerable residents.
    地方议会有责任保护弱势居民。
  2. A nurse on duty noticed the change in the patient's condition.
    一名值班护士注意到了病人病情的变化。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. You may have to pay customs duty on imported goods.
    进口商品可能需要缴纳关税。

词源与构词

源自盎格鲁-法语 duete，与 due（应付的、应有的）同源。

记忆钩子 on duty 是“值班”，off duty 是“下班”；customs duty 中 duty 不是“责任”，而是“关税”。

词族与关联词

词族（同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式）
  • dutiful 尽职的；顺从尽责的
    dutiful 形容人认真履行责任，有时含因义务而顺从的意味。
    The dutiful employee checked every detail before submitting the report. 这位尽职的员工在提交报告前核对了每个细节。
易混词（形近或义近，注意区别）
  • responsibility 责任；职责；负责状态
    duty 常强调工作、法律或道德上必须履行的义务，也可指值班或关税；responsibility 含义更广，强调负责某事或对后果承担责任。
    She has responsibility for training new staff. 她负责培训新员工。
常见搭配
  • a sense of duty 责任感
    A strong sense of duty led him to volunteer regularly. 强烈的责任感促使他定期参加志愿服务。
  • on duty 值班；上班
    Two security guards were on duty at the entrance. 入口处有两名保安值班。
  • customs duty 关税
    The price includes shipping but excludes customs duty. 该价格包含运费，但不包含关税。