absent

/ˈæbsənt/ adj / verb
标准词条 CET-4
一句话记住

缺席的；不在场的；心不在焉的；走神的；使（自己）缺席

释义与例句

adj 缺席的；不在场的
not present in a place or situation
  1. Several students were absent from class yesterday.
    昨天有几个学生缺课。
  2. He was absent from work due to illness.
    他因病没来上班。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. The chairman was absent from the meeting.
    主席没有出席会议。
adj 心不在焉的；走神的
showing that someone is not thinking about what is happening around them
  1. She had an absent expression on her face.
    她脸上带着心不在焉的表情。
  2. He gave an absent nod without looking up.
    他头也不抬，心不在焉地点了点头。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. Her absent stare suggested she was lost in thought.
    她茫然的凝视表明她陷入了沉思。
verb 使（自己）缺席
to not go to a place or be present at an event
  1. He absented himself from the meeting without permission.
    他未经允许缺席了会议。
  2. She deliberately absented herself from the party.
    她故意没有参加聚会。
展开其余 1 条例句
  1. The director absented himself from the board meeting.
    董事没有出席董事会。

词源与构词

记忆钩子 ab-（离开）+ sent（存在）→ 离开存在 → 缺席

词族与关联词

词族（同一词根派生出的不同词性或形式）
  • absence 缺席；不在
    名词形式
  • absently 心不在焉地
    副词形式
同义词
  • missing 失踪的；缺少的
    missing 强调不见了或缺失，absent 侧重未出席、未在场。
    One child is still missing. 一个孩子仍然失踪。
  • away 不在的；离开的
    away 强调位置上离开，absent 常用于正式场合指缺席。
    She is away on business. 她出差不在。
反义词
  • present 在场的；出席的
    absent 的直接反义词，表示在场或出席。
    All members were present at the meeting. 所有成员都出席了会议。
  • attentive 专注的
    用于反义心不在焉的义项，attentive 表示注意力集中。
    The students were attentive during the lecture. 学生们在讲座中专心听讲。
常见搭配
  • absent from 缺席……
    He was absent from school for a week. 他一周没去上学。
  • an absent look 心不在焉的神情
    He answered with an absent look. 他带着心不在焉的神情回答。
  • absent oneself 使自己缺席
    She absented herself from the discussion. 她没有参与讨论。